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ENDNOTES
1 ‘ London widowhood revisited: new refuse out of female remarriage in the seventeenth and you will early 18th ages ‘, Continuity and alter 5 ( 1990 ), 323 –55.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
step three Wrigley , E. A beneficial. and Schofield , Roentgen. , The people reputation for The united kingdomt, 1541–1871: a repair ( London area , 1981 ), 258 –9Google Scholar ; Todd , Barbara J. , ‘The latest remarrying widow: a label reconsidered’, in the Earlier in the day , M. ed., Feamales in English community, 1500–1800 ( London , 1985 ), 54 – ninety five .Google Pupil
4 Brodsky , Vivien , ‘Widows from inside the later Elizabethan London area: reily orientations’, within the Bonfield , L. , Smith , R. and you can Wrightson , K. eds., The country i’ve attained ( Oxford , 1986 ), 122 –54.Bing Scholar
5 Neither, we might put, did riches make sure it (anecdotal proof to the contrary), as well as ideal by Nancy Adamson’s trying to find ( ‘Urban group: the public context of London area elite group, 1500–1603′ [unpublished Ph.D. thesis, College from Toronto , 1983 ], 188 –90]Google Student , reported of the Steven Rappaport ( Worlds contained in this worlds: structures out-of lives inside the sixteenth-century London [ Cambridge , 1989 ], forty )Yahoo Pupil , that about after sixteenth century some 58 per cent from aldermen’s widows, certainly the brand new richest and more than qualified from lovers, did not remarry.
six Get a hold of Grigg , Susan , ‘ For the a principle out of remarriage: an incident examination of Newburyport early in the newest 19th century ‘, Diary away from Interdisciplinary History 8 ( 1977 ), 183 – 220 .CrossRefGoogle College student
8 Wilson , Adrian , ‘ Illegitimacy and its implications in mid-eighteenth-century London area: the evidence of one’s Foundling Medical ‘, Continuity and change cuatro ( 1989 ), 136 .CrossRefGoogle Student
nine ‘ House and kinship: Ryton from the later 16th and you will very early 17th years ‘, Background Workshop ten ( 1980 ), forty-two .Bing Pupil
eleven Ibid. Austen’s diary brings understanding of a generational change. Austen herself refused remarriage since infringing their particular individual and you may economic independence as well as their own honor, whenever you are meanwhile accepting saliendo con novias mongol that their own mother’s remarriage to help you Alderman John Highlord during the early 1640s is section of the cornerstone to possess her own success (British Library, Include. MS. 4454, fos. 79v, 93, 93v, 105).
12 The petition of one’s widows, during the and regarding London area and you can Westminster for a beneficial redress of its grievances , repr. Harleian Miscellany ten ( London , 1810 ), 170 –5.Google College student
fourteen The fresh genre with the English world try chatted about very generally by Linda Woodbridge, in females as well as the English Renaissance: literature and also the character off womankind, 1540–1620 ( Urbana , 1986 ).Google Beginner
15 What closes ‘that we widowes can be restored to our previous joyes by the that have plurality from suitors and every single day expectations of acquiring a and you may lusty young husbands, towards solace of one’s regulators and you may rejoycing in our soules, for ladies (as we will have all business know) desire to real time and color about society off husbands’.
16 With other similar mock petitions composed contained in this several months and you can after, find Smith , H. and Cardinale , S. , Women additionally the literary works of the seventeenth century: a keen annotated bibliography ( New york , 1990 ).Google Pupil
17 Nicholles , An effective. , A discourse off , J. , Brand new arraignment out-of …feminine, with a paragraph with the ‘The latest incur-baiting of the mirror of widows’ ( 1615 )Yahoo Student ; Taylor , J. , The fresh Juniper Lectures ( 1639 ).Google Scholar
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18 MacDonald , R. An excellent. , ‘The latest widow: a recurring shape from inside the Jacobean and you can Caroline comedy’ (unpublished Ph.D. thesis, School of brand new Brunswick , 1978 ), step one , 75 , 79 .Bing Student While i mentioned in ‘The reples away from widows just who chose not to get married and you may resisted importunate suitors. Phase widows was universally rich, to ensure that resource will bring absolutely nothing guidelines of these speculating about the perceptions of the bad widow.